Fri Feb 07 2025

41 articles - From Friday Jan 31 2025 to Friday Feb 07 2025

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Genetic ancestry affects iron requirements: building the evidence for more precise guidelines for dietary iron intake.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

J Crohns Colitis

Assessment of activity and severity of inflammatory bowel disease in cross-sectional imaging techniques: a systematic review.

All cross-sectional imaging techniques demonstrated moderate-to-good accuracy in assessing disease activity, and severity of IBD. This finding highlights the potential, especially for MRE and IUS to be widely utilized in managing IBD in both clinical practice and clinical trials.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Adipose tissue content of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and all-cause mortality: a Danish prospective cohort study.

Adipose tissue content of linoleic acid was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, whereas adipose tissue content of arachidonic acid was associated with a higher all-cause mortality.

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Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of (poly)phenols following consumption of selected blueberries and a blueberry-rich protein bar by adult males and females: a randomized, crossover, controlled trial.

Differing berry (poly)phenol content and bioaccessibility only minimally affected bioavailability following consumption of blueberries relative to a blueberry-rich protein bar, suggesting (poly)phenol-dense foods, such as bars and snacks, could provide similar health benefits as raw fruits. Further studies using other crops are required to assess if these findings are translatable. Clinical trial registry NCT04175106 ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NCT04175106 (

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Characterization of iron status biomarkers and hematological indices among young adults of East Asian or Northern European ancestry: A cross-sectional analysis from the Iron Genes in East Asian and Northern European Adults Study (FeGenes).

Individuals of EA ancestry had a significantly greater body Fe burden compared to NE individuals. Of concern, these differences were evident in a cohort primarily consisting of young individuals aged 18-29 y.

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Differences in nonheme iron absorption between healthy adults of East Asian or Northern European ancestry from the Iron Genes in East Asian and Northern European Adults Study (FeGenes): A cross-sectional stable iron isotope study.

EA individuals have a greater SF-corrected Fe absorption compared with NE individuals. Increased Fe absorption and resulting excess Fe accumulation suggests that EA individuals may be at greater risk of Fe overload-related diseases. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term implications of these findings.

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Efficacy of a 24-month behavioral intervention focused on sugary beverage reduction for Latino mother-infant dyads: evidence from a randomized controlled trial.

This intervention, combined with home delivery of bottled water, was effective in reducing sugar consumption from beverages for Latina mothers by roughly 8 g/day in the first year after childbirth. However, this effect was not maintained and was not significant for infants. More comprehensive and sustained strategies are likely needed to maintain efficacy and improve outcomes related to weight or body composition, particularly for infants.

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Iron regulatory hormones and their associations with iron status biomarkers among healthy adults of East Asian or Northern European ancestry: A cross-sectional comparison from the Iron Genes in East Asian and Northern European Adults Study (FeGenes).

A lower hepcidin SF ratio in EA compared with NE participants suggests that among EAs, hepcidin concentrations are lower relative to the load of Fe present. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed differences. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04198545.

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Longitudinal cohort study of canola composition demonstrates changes in the climate and the food system are decreasing the essential fatty acid content of canola.

Compared our observations to publicly available food composition databases, the observed systemic changes in fatty acid composition from the field can be detected on grocery store shelves.

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Maternal Macronutrient Intake at Pregnancy and Offspring Growth Trajectory through Childhood: A Prospective Analysis in the Growing Up Today Study 2 Cohort.

Other macronutrients from various food sources were not associated with the offspring weight. Overall, these data suggest that, apart from trans fatty acids, other macronutrient composition of maternal diet may have minimal impact on offspring body weight in this well-nourished population.

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Relationship between gestational weight gain with fetal body composition and organ volumes in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Dimensional Study: a prospective pregnancy cohort.

Excessive GWG was associated with greater fetal size primarily manifested by a pattern of fat accumulation across the fetal arm and abdomen. Future studies should examine whether these fetal changes have functional implications for childhood adiposity and metabolic dysfunction.

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Unveiling Sub-group Trends of Stunting and Wasting in Indian Children: A Serial Cross-sectional Analysis from National Family Health Surveys 3-5.

Although there have been significant reductions in disparities by wealth in mean HAZ and WHZ scores in India, persistent disparities by caste, tribe, and area of residence necessitate reinvestments in targeted interventions. Further, despite this narrowing of disparities and overall progress against stunting, anthropometric scores in early childhood continue to be low in India, especially with regard to wasting, indicating the importance of not only maternal nutrition and care for newborns, but more comprehensive efforts to address poverty and other factors that contribute to undernutrition, with a focus on vulnerable populations.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Generalizability of Randomized Controlled Trials to Routine Clinical Care in Ulcerative Colitis.

Half of patients with UC starting advanced therapy in routine care may be eligible for participation in phase 3 RCTs. Disease activity is the primary reason for trial exclusion.

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The Consequences of Preterm Birth in the Children of Mothers with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

We also found a non-significantly increased risk of epilepsy (1.11; 0.51-2.42), chronic lung disease and asthma (1.10; 0.76-1.60), schizophrenia/psychosis (1.17; 0.50-2.73), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 1.15 (0.83-1.60). Our study indicates the possibility of chronic health consequences in children born preterm to mothers with IBD.

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Winnie Mice: A Chronic and Progressive Model of Ulcerative Colitis.

While Winnie mice are currently less studied compared to other more established models of colitis, much has been discovered in the initial years of its use as a UC-like model. In summary, the use of Winnie mice adds to the growing armamentarium that is required to develop precision-based medicine for its future application in treating complex multifactorial diseases, such as UC.

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J Crohns Colitis

A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with growth and virulence of Escherichia coli in pediatric Crohn's disease.

A negative association between metabolites of fatty acid metabolism and HEI was found. In total, our results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet may potentiate hallmarks of the inflammation-associated dysbiosis in CD and highlight the need for microbiome-targeted dietary interventions optimizing the anti-inflammatory potential of habitual diet in the management of pediatric CD.

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Combination of white-light imaging based and narrow-band imaging based artificial intelligence models during colonoscopy in patients with ulcerative colitis.

The sequential use of WLI and NBI AI models can provide better stratification of relapse risk compared with using either model alone, offering a more accurate and personalized approach to treatment intensification. This dual-model AI approach aligns with the T2T approach in UC management.

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Janus kinase inhibitors in the management of acute severe ulcerative colitis: a comprehensive review.

JAKi seem to be a promising treatment option for ASUC, with both tofacitinib and upadacitinib achieving colectomy-free rates of approximately 80%. Further studies are essential to define whether JAKi can replace cyclosporine/infliximab as second line therapy for the medical management of ASUC, or whether they can even be used as initial treatment in place of intravenous corticosteroids.

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Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Aberrant Adipogenesis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Impaired Antibacterial Function in Adipocytes of Creeping Fat.

These findings were consistent in the TNBS-treated mouse model, where increased LPC levels in the blood, and a significant reduction in SAA½-positive adipocytes were noted. LPC-induced aberrant adipogenesis in CF is a newly identified pathological feature in CD patients and a potential therapeutic target.

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Machine learning and metabolomics identify biomarkers associated with the disease extent of ulcerative colitis.

The serum level of asparaginyl valine in patients with rectal UC was significantly lower than that in E2 and E3 groups. Our findings revealed the metabolic landscape of UC and identified biomarkers for different disease extents, confirming the value of metabolites in predicting the occurrence and progression of UC.

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Non-Conventional Dysplasia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: A Case-Cohort Study.

Both conventional and NC lesions seem to be associated with increased risk of CRC. Conventional lesions are more strongly associated with CRC than NC lesions in the post-HD era, but misclassifications in the pre-HD era may have resulted in a biased increased risk estimate for NC lesions.

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Liver Transpl

Evaluating allograft risk models in organ transplantation: Understanding and balancing model discrimination and calibration.

Our goal in this perspective is to offer advice to transplant professionals about how to evaluate a prediction model, focusing on the key aspects of discrimination and calibration. We use liver allograft assessment as a paradigm example, but the lessons pertain to other scenarios too.

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Pancreatology

Contrast agent dispersion visualized by CE-EUS may be a prediction tool for FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy effectiveness in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

The elastography strain ratio was higher in the effectively treated group (20.9 vs 13.6, p = 0.138). This proof-of-concept study showed that the dispersion parameter of the first wave of contrast was 2.5 times higher in patients in whom FOLFIRINOX was effective, suggesting that this parameter could possibly be a reliable prediction tool.

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Effect of plasmapheresis versus standard medical treatment in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis complicated by early organ failure (PERFORM-R): Study design and rationale of a multicenter, pragmatic, registry-based randomized controlled trial.

This trial will provide top-class evidence regarding the clinical impact of plasmapheresis in HTG-AP patients with early organ failure. The findings of this trial will have a direct influence on the current clinical practice concerning the management of HTG-AP.

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Focal pancreatic parenchymal atrophy could be a precursor of pancreatic cancer.

The interval between FPPA recognition and PDAC diagnosis was 35.33 months, which was significantly shorter in the surgical group. FPPA could be a precursor of PDAC and suggest the area at risk of PDAC.

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The efficacy and safety profile of third-line treatment in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

43 of 77 patients (56 %) experienced at least one grade 3 or 4 toxicity. In real-world settings, patients with mPDAC receiving third-line chemotherapy may have a moderate survival advantage, although clinicians should carefully select patients owing to high incidence of grade ¾ toxicities.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Am J Clin Nutr

One piece of the puzzle: understanding gestational weight gain and its role in maternal, fetal, and newborn outcomes.

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Warming plants and cooling essential fatty acids.

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J Crohns Colitis

Decoding the proteomic landscape of inflammatory bowel disease.

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The power of real-world data: insights into incident IBD populations in the modern era.

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Pancreatology

When does delay in treatment impact survival from pancreatic cancer?

There are also delays in establishing the diagnosis and delays in accessing treatment services after diagnosis. All three delays have prognostic implications and need to be considered in addressing the global problem of inequitable access to health care.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

This is the moment: advancing Food is Medicine through research.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Intestinal Ultrasound Identified Crohn's Disease In Previously Undiagnosed Siblings.

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Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Cerebellum Differs Between Persons With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Healthy Controls in Relation to Executive Function.

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Liver Transpl

After the curtain was raised, Hepatitis C plays on: Celebrities and Hepatitis C.

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Fellows' Corner.

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From core to surface: Expanding the donor pool with Hepatitis B Surface antigen positive liver allografts.

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Letter to the Editor: Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 in fatty liver ischemia-reperfusion injury: Exacerbation or mitigation?

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Am J Clin Nutr

Limitations of the indicator amino acid oxidation method for determining amino acid requirements.

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Pancreatology

Beyond 4 weeks? Rethinking the timing of LAMS removal in WOPN.

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Letter to the editor regarding "Early detection of pancreatic cancer: Study design and analytical considerations in biomarker discovery and early phase validation studies".

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